WHEELER, Joseph, a Representative from
Alabama; born in Augusta, Ga., September 10, 1836; attended local schools and
the Episcopal Academy, Cheshire, Conn.; was graduated from the United States
Military Academy at West Point, 1859; attended the Cavalry School at Carlisle,
Pa., 1859-1860; transferred to the Mounted Rifles June 26, 1860; second
lieutenant September 1, 1860, and served in New Mexico; resigned from the United
States Army February 27, 1861; appointed lieutenant of Artillery in the
Confederate Army on April 3, 1861; successively promoted to the grade of
colonel, brigadier general, and major general, and was commissioned lieutenant
general in February 1865; in 1862 was assigned to the command of the Army Corps
of Cavalry of the Western Army, continuing in that position until the war
closed; senior Cavalry general of the Confederate Armies May 11, 1864; studied
law; was admitted to the bar and engaged in practice at Wheeler, Ala., and also
became a planter; presented credentials as a Democratic Member-elect to the
Forty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1881, to June 3, 1882, when he
was succeeded by William M. Lowe, who contested his election; subsequently
elected to the same Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William
M. Lowe and served from January 15 to March 3, 1883; elected as a Democrat to
the Forty-ninth and to the seven succeeding Congresses and served from March 4,
1885, to April 20, 1900, when he resigned; chairman, Committee on Expenditures
in the Department of the Treasury (Fiftieth Congress), Committee on Territories
(Fifty-third Congress); served in the Spanish-American War; commissioned major
general of Volunteers May 4, 1898, and assigned to command of a Cavalry
division, United States Army; senior member of the commission which negotiated
the surrender of Santiago and the Spanish Army in Cuba; during the Philippine
Insurrection commanded the First Brigade, Second Division, Eighth Army Corps, in
the Tarlac campaign and in several other operations in central Luzon from July
8, 1899, to January 24, 1900; commissioned brigadier general in the United
States Regular Army June 16, 1900; retired September 10, 1900; died in Brooklyn,
N.Y., January 25, 1906; interment in Arlington National Cemetery. - -Biographical
Data courtesy of the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
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