JACOBS, Michael, educator, born in Waynesborough, Pennsylvania, 18 January, 1808; died in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 22 July, 1871. He was graduated at Jefferson college in 1828, and, after teaching in Maryland, went to Gettysburg to assist his brother David in 1829, taking the professorship of mathematics and natural sciences. On the organization of Pennsylvania college in 1832, he became professor of mathematics and natural science, in which post he continued until 1865, when he resigned the chair of natural science. A year later he was made emeritus professor. He was licensed to preach in 1834, and received the degree of D.D. from Jefferson and Wittenberg colleges in 1858. He invented a process of canning fruit about 1845. In 1846 he read a paper on "Indian Summer" before the Society for the advancement of science. He published "Notes on the Rebel Invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and the Battle of Gettysburg" (Philadelphia, 1863), contributed an article on the same subject to the "United Service Magazine," published articles on theological subjects in the "Evangelical Review," and scientific papers in the "Linnaean Record and Journal," edited the last-named periodical for two years, was for more than thirty years a contributor to the publications of the Franklin institute in Philadelphia and the Smithsonian institution in Washington, and left manuscript "Lectures on Meteorology," containing the fruits of his independent observations in that science.--His son, Henry Eyster, clergyman, born in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 10 November, 1844, was graduated at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, in 1862, and afterward at the theological seminary there. He became tutor in Pennsylvania college in 1864, and having been engaged in home-mission work at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1867-'8, was principal of Thiel hall, at Phillipsburg, Pennsylvania, and pastor in 1868-'70, and professor of Latin and history in Pennsylvania college in 1870-'80, of ancient languages in 1880-'1, and of the Greek language and literature in 1881-'3. He was then called to the chair of systematic theology in the Lutheran seminary in Philadelphia. He received the degree of D. D. from Thiel college in 1877. Dr. Jacobs has always belonged to the conservative wing of the Lutheran church, and has opposed the views that were held and advocated in the general synod. He is a thorough student of the Confessions, or symbolical books of the Lutheran church, and has done much to bring them within the reach of American Lutherans, and also to the notice of students outside of his own church. His historical introduction and notes explanatory of the history of the Confessions and of the doctrines set forth in the same have secured for him wide reputation. Dr. Jacobs has been editor of the "Lutheran Church Review" since 1883, and from the same date a member of the editorial staff of "The Lutheran." His published works include Hutter's "Compend of Lutheran Theology," with Reverend G. P. Spieker, translated from the Latin (Philadelphia, 1868); Schmidt's "Doctrinal Theology of the Lutheran Church," with Reverend C.A. Hay, D. D., translated from the German and Latin (1875); "A Question of Latinity" (1878); "Book of Concord, or Symbolical Books of the Evangelical Lutheran Church," translated from the Latin and German (1882); "Book of Concord, Historical Introduction and Appendices" (1883); Meyer's "Commentary on Galatians and Ephesians," edited (New York, 1884); Duesterdieck's "Commentary on the Revelation of St. John," translated and edited(1887); and various pamphlets. He has edited " Church Almanac" (Philadelphia, 1874-'7); "Proceedings of First Lutheran Diet" (1878); and has contributed largely to current theological literature.--Another son, Michael William, lawyer, born in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 27 January, 1850, was graduated at Pennsylvania college in 1867, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871. He practised at Gettysburg and Erie, and in 1875 settled in Harrisburg. He is the author of " A Treatise on the Law of Domicile" (Boston, 1887).