Newell Convers Wyeth (October 22, 1882 – October 19, 1945), known as N.
C. Wyeth, was an American artist and illustrator., he was the star pupil of
Howard Pyle and became one of America's greatest illustrators.
Grant DeVolson Wood (February 13, 1891 –
February 12, 1942) was an American painter, born in Anamosa, Iowa. He is best
known for his paintings depicting the rural American Midwest, particularly the
painting American Gothic, an iconic image of the 20th century.
Life and career
His family moved to Cedar Rapids after his father died in 1901. Soon
thereafter he began as an apprentice in a local metal shop. After graduating
from Washington High School (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) , Wood enrolled in an art
school in Minneapolis in 1910, and returned a year later to teach in a one-room
schoolhouse. In 1913 he enrolled at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago
and did some work as a silversmith. He again returned to Cedar Rapids to teach
Junior High students after serving in the army as a camouflage painter.
From 1920 to 1928 he made four trips to Europe, where he studied many styles of
painting, especially impressionism and post-impressionism. But it was the work
of Jan Van Eyck that influenced him to take on the clarity of this new technique
and to incorporate it in his new works. From 1924 to 1935 Wood lived in the loft
of a carriage house that he turned into his personal studio at "5 Turner Alley"
(the studio had no address until Wood made one up himself). In 1932, Wood helped
found the Stone City Art Colony near his hometown to help artists get through
the Great Depression. He became a great proponent of regionalism in the arts,
lecturing throughout the country on the topic.
Wood taught painting at the University of Iowa's School of Art beginning in
1934. During that time, he supervised mural painting projects, mentored
students, produced a variety of his own works, and became a key part of the
University's cultural community. On February 12, 1942, one day before his 51st
birthday, Wood died at the university hospital.
When Wood died, his estate went to his sister, Nan Wood Graham, the woman
portrayed in American Gothic. When she died in 1990, her estate, along with
Wood's personal effects and various works of art, became the property of the
Figge Art Museum in Davenport, Iowa.
His work
Wood was an active painter from an extremely young age until his death, and
although he is best known for his paintings, he worked in a large number of
media, including ink, charcoal, ceramics, metal, wood and found objects.
Throughout his life he hired out his talents to many Iowa-based businesses as a
steady source of income. This included painting advertisements, sketching rooms
of a mortuary house for promotional flyers and, in one case, designing the
corn-themed decor (including chandelier) for the dining room of a hotel. In
addition, his 1928 trip to Munich was to oversee the making of the stained-glass
windows he had designed for a Veterans Memorial Building in Cedar Rapids.
Regionalism
Grant Wood is most closely associated with the American movement of
Regionalism that was primarily situated in the Midwest. He was one of three
artists most-associated with this movement. The others, John Steuart Curry and
Thomas Hart Benton, returned to the Midwest in the 1930s due to Wood's
encouragement and assistance with locating teaching positions for them at
colleges in Wisconsin and Kansas, respectively. Along with Benton, Curry, and
other Regionalist artists, Wood's work was marketed through Associated American
Artists in New York for many years.
Wood's best known work is his 1930 painting American Gothic, one of the most
familiar images in 20th century American art. The painting was first exhibited
at the Art Institute of Chicago where it can still be found today. Today, the
painting is often parodied in pop culture, and remains one of the most notable
examples of American Regionalism. Wood is considered the patron artist of Cedar
Rapids, and one of his designs is depicted on the 2004 Iowa State Quarter
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