Chemistry Laws

Avogadro's Law 
Equal volumes of gases under identical temperature and pressure conditions will contain equal numbers of particles (atoms, ion, molecules, electrons, etc.).

Boyle's Law 
At constant temperature, the volume of a confined gas is inversely proportional to the pressure to which it is subjected.

Dalton's Law 
The pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases.

Definite Composition 
A compound is composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a defined ratio by weight.

Dulong & Petit's Law 
Most metals require 6.2 cal of heat in order to raise the temperature of 1 gram-atomic mass of the metal by 1°C.

Faraday's Law 
The weight of any element liberated during electrolysis is proportional to the quantity of electricity passing through the cell and also to the equivalent weight of the element.

First Law of Thermodynamics 
Conservation of Energy. The total energy of the universe is constant and is neither created nor destroyed.

Gay-Lussac's Law 
The ratio between the combining volumes of gases and the product (if gaseous) can be expressed in small whole numbers.

Graham's Law 
The rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass.

Henry's Law 
The solubility of a gas (unless it is highly soluble) is directly proportional to the pressure applied to the gas.

Ideal Gas Law 
The state of an ideal gas is determined by its pressure, volume, and temperature according to the equation:

PV = nRT
where

P is the absolute pressure
V is the volume of the vessel
n is the number of moles of gas
R is the ideal gas constant
T is the absolute temperature
 

Multiple Proportions 
When elements combine, they do so in the ratio of small whole numbers. The mass of one element combines with a fixed mass of another element according to this ratio.

Periodic Law 
The chemical properties of the elements vary periodically according to their atomic numbers.

Second Law of Thermodynamics 
Entropy increases over time. Another way of stating this law is to say that heat cannot flow, on its own, from an area of cold to an area of hot.

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