Churchill, Sir Winston (Leonard Spencer) (1874 --
1965) ”.
British statesman, prime minister (1940--5, 1951--5), and author, born
in Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK, the eldest son of
Randolph Churchill. He trained at Sandhurst, and was gazetted to the 4th
Hussars in 1895. His army career included fighting at Omdurman (1898)
with the Nile Expeditionary Force. During the second Boer War he acted
as a London newspaper correspondent. Initially a Conservative MP (1900),
he joined the Liberals in 1904, and was colonial under-secretary (1905),
President of the Board of Trade (1908), home secretary (1910), and First
Lord of the Admiralty (1911). In 1915 he was made the scapegoat for the
Dardanelles disaster, but in 1917 became minister of munitions. After
World War I, he was secretary of state for war and air (1919--21),
and - as a "Constitutionalist' supporter of the Conservatives -
Chancellor of the Exchequer (1924--9).
In 1929 he returned to the Conservative fold,
but remained out of step with the leadership until World War 2, when he
returned to the Admiralty; then, on Chamberlain's defeat (May 1940), he
formed a coalition government, holding both the premiership and the
defence portfolio, and leading Britain alone through the war against
Germany and Italy with steely resolution. Defeated in the July 1945
election, he became a pugnacious Leader of the Opposition. In 1951 he
was prime minister again, and after 1955 remained a venerated
backbencher. In his last years, he was often described as "the
greatest living Englishman'. He achieved a world reputation not only as
a great strategist and inspiring war leader, but as the last of the
classic orators with a supreme command of English; as a talented
painter; and as a writer with an Augustan style, a great breadth of
mind, and a profound sense of history. He was knighted in 1953, and was
awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature the same year. He left a widow,
Clementine Ogilvy Hozier (1885--1977), whom he had married in 1908, and
who was made a life peer in 1965 for her charitable work (Baroness
Spencer-Churchill of Chartwell)..
Forgotten Founders Historic Documents and Coins of Freedom - By Stanley
L. Klos
Keynote Address on the 2003
Re-Internment of Samuel and Martha Huntington
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